The final basis for course selection will be your grasp of the subject matter deemed appropriate by your advisory committee, competency to plan and conduct research and the ability to use both oral and written communication effectively. One strong component is course work in research methodology and statistics.

Because no minimum course work requirements exist for the PhD degree, the time limitation for completion is determined according to the dates by which essential ingredients of the degree are completed. The following must be completed in the five-year period prior to graduation: passing the comprehensive examination, successfully defending your dissertation and obtaining Graduate School approval of your dissertation.

Student Group

Of the 61 graduate students currently enrolled, 45 are full-time and 36 are women. Twenty-five percent of the students in the program are international students.

Centers, Institutes and Facilities

The Clemson University Outdoor Laboratory began in 1970 when faculty in the Department of Recreation and Park Administration (now PRTM) first dreamt of building an outdoor recreational facility to do two things: serve Clemson University students as a laboratory for practical experience and to provide meaningful camping experiences for individuals across the state with special needs. The Outdoor Laboratory is located five miles from the University campus on a beautiful peninsula on Lake Hartwell. In the midst of the 17,500 acre Clemson Experimental Forest, the Outdoor Laboratory provides meeting, programming

and research possibilities that can be found in few environments. It also serves as a conference center and has a high-ropes challenge course.

The Strom Thurmond Institute of Government and Public Affairs conducts applied research and service in public policy areas at the local, regional, state and national levels. The institute draws upon the expertise of Clemson University faculty, staff and students and has an established record of collaborative partnerships with academic, governmental and private sector scholars throughout the world. The director of the institute serves as a faculty member in our department.

The Osher Lifelong Learning Institute (OLLI) is a membership organization whose mission is to provide opportunities for adults to further their knowledge in both academic and recreational pursuits and to share their experience and interests with other members. Their vision is to provide residents of the Upstate of South Carolina with an excellent lifelong learning program while embracing the uniqueness of their members and Clemson University.

Clemson University is also home to the Recreation, Travel and Tourism Institute. The institute was created to provide a focal point for coordinating research, extension and teaching programs related to recreation and tourism at Clemson University and within the state of South Carolina. The growth of tourism in South Carolina has resulted in the need for Clemson University to address some of tourism’s complicated issues such as market analysis and promotion, land-use planning, geographic distribution, public-private cooperation, coastal resource development and the integration of tourism with other community development strategies. Because of the multidisciplinary nature of tourism and its related issues, the Recreation, Travel and Tourism Institute relies on specialists in leisure behavior, planning, interpretation, economics, marketing, history and research methodology within the Department of Parks, Recreation and

Tourism Management as well as throughout the University. The principal focus of the institute is working with public and private tourism organizations in identifying and solving problems in tourism planning, marketing, management and evaluation.

Faculty Listing

• Lawrence R. Allen, Academy of Leisure Sciences Fellow and Dean of the College of Health, Education and Human Development; Professor; PhD; Community and tourism development, benefits-based programming, youth development, impact of recreation and tourism.

• Denise M. Anderson, Coordinator of Graduate Program and Coordinator of Community Recreation, Sport and Camp Management; Assistant Professor; PhD; girls’ and women’s participation in leisure, professional development of recreation professionals, youth development.

• Skye Arthur-Banning, Assistant Professor; PhD; youth sports, sportsmanship and referee behaviors.

• Kenneth F. Backman, Coordinator of Travel and Tourism and Associate Professor; PhD; tourism marketing, recreational fishing, ecotourism planning, community tourism.

• Sheila J. Backman, Professor; PhD; incentive travel, consumer behavior and judgments, recreation service loyalty.

• Elizabeth D. Baldwin, Assistant Professor; PhD; large-scale conservation policy and planning, environmental conflict and collaboration, outdoor literature, qualitative inquiry.

• Robert H. Becker, Director of Strom Thurmond Institute of Government and Public Affairs, Co-Founder and Executive Faculty Member for the Doctoral Program in Policy Studies and Academy of Leisure Sciences Fellow; Professor; PhD; regional and community development and natural resource policy.

• Robert Bixler, Coordinator of Recreation Resource Management and Associate Professor; PhD; environmental socialization, formative and summative evaluation of non formal educational programs, environmental education and interpretation, human dimensions of natural resources. • Philip J. Brekke, Lecturer; MS; Clemson University Outdoor Laboratory, therapeutic recreation, adaptive outdoor recreation, camp management and administration.

• Bob Brookover, Executive Director of the South Carolina Recreation Development Project and Leisure Skills Curriculum Coordinator; Lecturer; PhD; community development, pricing models for recreation/leisure services, facility design and operation organizational commitment among recreational professionals, admission standards for college athletes.

• Leslie Conrad, Lecturer; MS; Clemson University Outdoor Laboratory, special populations, therapeutic recreation, gerontology, camp management.

• Lynne Cory, Assistant Professor; PhD; quality of life across the lifespan for individuals with and without disabilities, community-based inclusive recreation, community integration and re-integration for individuals with developmental or acquired disabilities.

• Keith G. Diem, Professor; PhD; youth development and nonformal education (K-12), program development, management and evaluation, science education for youth and adults working with elementary school youth; experiential learning processes applied to youth development programs and curricula.

• Jeffrey C. Hallo, Assistant Professor; PhD; visitor use planning and management, motorized recreation, simulation modeling of visitor use, recreational carrying capacity.

• William E. Hammitt, Professor Emeritus and Academy of Leisure Sciences Fellow; PhD; recreation and park land management, visitor preference and management strategies, recreation behavior, visual resources assessment.

• Laura W. Jodice, Research Associate in the Recreation, Travel and Tourism Institute; MS; marine and coastal tourism management, recreational fisheries management, natural resource management training, environmental education and outreach.

• Rick Lucas, Director of the Professional Golf Management Program; MBA; golf facility management, accessible golf.

• Fran Mainella, Visiting Scholar; MS; golf facility management, accessible golf.

• Norman McGee, Jr., Director of the Clemson University Outdoor Laboratory; JD camp administration, experiential education, legal issues.

• Francis A. McGuire, Coordinator of Graduate Studies, Academy of Leisure Sciences Fellow and Fellow in the Strom Thurmond Institute of Government and Public Affairs; Alumni Distinguished Professor; PhD; therapeutic recreation, leisure behavior, aging.

• William C. Norman, Associate Professor; PhD; travel behavior and decision making, tourism marketing, sport tourism, community tourism development.

• Chiok Oh, Assistant Professor; PhD; human dimensions of recreation resources, recreation specialization in recreationists’ populations, economic valuation of natural resources, recreationists’ attitudes toward resource conservation.

• Nancy M. Porter, Co-Chair of the National Cooperative Extension, Advisor to the South Carolina Association of Family and Community Leaders and Extension Family Resource Management Specialist; Professor; PhD, CFCS; family financial management and consumer education.

•Robert Powell, Assistant Professor; PhD; protected area management, human dimensions of resource management, human/environment interactions, ecotourism and nature-based tourism, environmental interpretation, biodiversity conservation.

•Adam R. Savedra, Assistant Director of the Professional Golf Management Program and Lecturer; MBA; PGA, internship coordinator, membership development.

• Dorothy L. Schmalz, Assistant Professor; PhD; stereotypes in leisure and sport, adolescents’ leisure participation, weight concerns and physical activity.

• Bonnie W. Stevens, Director of the HEHD Development Office of Training and Education for Practicing Professionals and Director of the Clemson University American Humanics Program and Senior Lecturer; EdD; mental health, leadership and nonprofit management; service provision in community settings; outcome-based assessment.

• J. Herbert Stevens Jr., Lecturer and Academic Advisor; MRPA

• Deborah J. Thomason, Professor; EdD; life skills development in rural and non rural 4-H youth, building family strengths, family and youth development, human growth and development.

• Judith E. Voelkl, Professor and Coordinator of Therapeutic Recreation; PhD, CTRS; therapeutic recreation, aging, families and leisure, long-term care, daily experiences.

• David E. Weatherford, 4-H and Youth Development Specialist; EdD; responsible for the development and coordination of 4-H volunteer systems within the state, 4-H science and technology curriculum areas and staff development.

• Mary Sarah Wells, Assistant Professor/Extension Specialist; PhD; community youth development.

• Brett Wright, Professor and Department Chair; PhD; human dimensions of natural resources management, park management, recreation resources policy, private lands, ecotourism.

• Andrew Yiannakis, Professor and Director of the Recreation, Travel and Tourism Institute; PhD; sociology of sport and leisure, sociology/social psychology, research methods with computer applications, social science aspects of tourism, leisure and sport, participation in recreational sports.

Financial Aid

A number of assistantships and University fellowships are available. The Hartzog Fellowship, sponsored by the Hartzog Fund, supports doctoral students doing research in parks associated with the National Park Service. The fund honors George B. Hartzog Jr., a South Carolina native and seventh director of the National Park Service. The Conover Graduate Fellowship is sponsored by Richard and Sandra Conover to further graduate study in recreation resource management. It is awarded to master’s degree students.